CCNA Routing and Switching Study Guide Chapters 7 & 21: Wide Area

CCNA Routing and Switching Study Guide Chapters 7 & 21: Wide Area Networks Instructor & Todd Lammle

Chapter 21 objectives The ICND2 topics covered in this chapter include: 2

Chapter 21 objectives (con’t) The ICND2 topics covered in this chapter include: 3

New figure 7.1/21.1

New figure 7.2/21.2

New figure 7.3/21.3

WAN terms

WAN connection types

Broadband access using cable or DSL

Cable network and terms

xDSL connection from home user to central office. All types of DSL are layer 1 technologies.

PPPoE with ADSL

DTE-DCE-DTE WAN DTE-DCE-DTE WAN connection: Clocking is typically provided by the DCE network to routers. In nonproduction environments, a DCE network is not always present.

Cisco’s HDLC frame format: Each vendor’s HDLC has a proprietary data field to support multiprotocol environments.

Configuring Cisco’s HDLC proprietary WAN encapsulation Corp(config)#int s0/0 Corp(config-if)#ip address 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.252 Corp(config-if)#no shut Corp#sh int s0/0 Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial Internet address is 172.16.10.1/30 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set Keepalive set (10 sec)

PPP protocol stack compared to the OSI reference model.

PPP session establishment

PPP authentication example

Failed PPP authentication

Mismatched WAN encapsulations

Mismatched IP addresses

Example of using a VPN

Benefits of VPNs Security VPNs can provide very good security by using advanced encryption and authentication protocols, which will help protect your network from unauthorized access. IPsec and SSL fall into this category. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is an encryption technology used with web browsers, which has native SSL encryption, and are known as Web VPN. You can also use the Cisco AnyConnect SSL VPN client installed on your PC to provide a SSL VPN solution, as well as the Clientless Cisco SSL VPN. Cost Savings By connecting the corporate remote offices to their closest Internet provider, and then creating a VPN tunnel with encryption and authentication, I gain a huge savings over opting for traditional leased point-to-point lines. This also permits higher bandwidth links and security, all for far less money than traditional connections. Scalability VPNs scale very well to quickly bring up new offices or have mobile users connect securely while traveling or when connecting from home. Compatibility with broadband technology For remote and traveling users and remote offices, any Internet access can provide a connection to the corporate VPN. This allows users to take advantage of the high-speed Internet access of DSL or cable modems.

Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel structure

7.6 Branch Wan Challenges IT Trends – Branch Challenges Critical to your Business, WAN Bandwidth Expensive, Pressure Increasing Cloud Applications are Moving to the Data Center and Cloud Internet Edge is Moving to the Branch Branch Pressure to the WAN CLOUD SaaS, Google Docs, Office365 MOBILITY Guest Wi-Fi, BYOD, APP updates Data Center APPS Video, VDI, Backup

7.7 Intelligent WAN: Leveraging the Internet Secure WAN Transport and Internet Access Hybrid WAN Transport IPsec Secure MPLS (IP-VPN) Private Cloud Virtual Private Cloud Branch Direct Internet Access Internet Saves customers money – 6 month ROI Improves application response times Enables cloud, mobility, and BYOD in the branch Public Cloud

7.8 AVC Private Cloud Internet Virtual Private Cloud 3G/4G-LTE Branch Public Cloud MPLS WAAS Transport Independent Consistent operational model Simple Provider migrations Scalable and Modular design DMVPN IPsec overlay design PfR Intelligent Path Control Application best path based on delay, loss, jitter, path preference Load Balancing for full utilization of all bandwidth Improved network availability Performance Routing (PfR) Application Optimization Application monitoring with Application Visibility and Control (AVC) Application Acceleration and bandwidth savings with WAAS Secure Connectivity Certified strong encryption Comprehensive threat defense with ASA and IOS Firewall/IPS Cloud Web Security (CWS) for scalable secure direct Internet access

MLP network layout, figure 7.18 S0/0: 172.16.10.1/30 MLP: Corp 10.1.1.0/24 S0/1: 172.16.10.9/30 S0/0: 172.16.10.2/30 SF S0/0: 172.16.10.9/30

Figure 7.21 Enterprise-managed VPNs

Figure 7.22: Provider-managed VPNs Layer 2 MPLS VPN (VPLS and VPWS): Customer routers exchange routes directly. Some applications need Layer 2 connectivity to work. Layer 3 MPLS VPN: Customer routers exchange routes with SP routers. It provides Layer 3 service across the backbone.

EBGP network layout, figure 7.25 AS 100 AS 1 192.168.1.2 R1 192.168.1.1 Lo0: 10.0.1.0 Lo0: 10.0.0.0 ISP 192.168.2.1 AS 200 192.168.2.2 R2 Lo0: 10.0.2.0

Written Labs and Review Questions – Read through the Exam Essentials section together in class. – Open your books and go through all the written labs and the review questions. – Review the answers in class. 32